Arthritis of the spinal joints

Arthritis of the spinal joints, also known as vertebral joint arthrosis or facet arthrosis, is a degenerative spinal disorder that causes wear and tear on the joints of the spine. In most cases advancing age can be blamed for arthritis of the spinal joints. However, genetic predisposition and excessive or incorrect strain can also contribute to its development. Obesity, disc damage or weakened abdominal and back muscles can also play a role.

The arthritis affects the small spinal joints, known as facet joints, located between the vertebrae. These small joints play an important role: they are responsible for the mobility and stability of the spine. Wear and tear can cause cartilage to break down, causing the facet joints to rub against each other. This can lead to pain, restricted movement and other symptoms.

Arthritis of the spinal joints: symptoms

Arthritis of the spinal joints occurs most frequently in the lumbar spine. The cervical and thoracic spine can also be affected, albeit less often. If the sacroiliac joint is affected, the disease is referred to as sacroiliac joint syndrome. Arthropathy of the spinal joints  can occurs also in cases with rheumatism, psoriasis, morbus Scheuermann, morbus Bechterew and others. Because of its many phenotypes, arthritis of the spinal joints can cause various symptoms, which can vary depending on the affected region and severity. Known symptoms include:

• Severe back pain in the affected area, which can sometimes radiate to other areas of the body
• Stiffness and restricted movement
• Pain when standing up, sitting down or turning over
• Persistent pain even when lying down, but also shooting pain
• Pain during certain movements, such as bending over
• Start-up pain, for example after sitting for a long time or when getting up in the morning

How arthritis of the spinal joints is treated

A treatment plan is drawn up depending on the severity and extent of the arthritis of the spinal joints. A clear diagnosis is crucial, which can be determined using various examinations and imaging techniques (MRI, X-ray or CT). Conservative measures are primarily used to try to alleviate the symptoms. Physiotherapy is used to relieve the affected vertebral joints. Exercises to optimise posture are also recommended. Strengthening of back and abdominal muscles relieve the joints. The therapy can be supported by back-friendly sports such as Nordic walking, backstroke swimming or cycling. Painkillers or facet infiltrations can additionally alleviate symptoms of arthritis of the spinal joints.

If conservative therapy measures do not lead to improvement, minimally invasive procedure may be performed, like  Thermo-denervation, which reduce back pain significantly. In rare cases, spondylodesis may be performed. The Avicenna Klinik will provide you with detailed information about the available treatment options during a personal consultation.